CORRELATION OF VASOPRESSIN SECRETION IN GASTRIC DYSRHYTHMIA IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) is a condition of excessive nausea and vomiting in pregnancy and can increase the need for hospitalization due to dehydration. Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is a common complaint in pregnant women in the early trimester of pregnancy. This condition of nausea and vomiting is estimated to occur in 80% of pregnant women and around 0.3-3.6% are HEG. Approximately 50-60% of pregnancies are accompanied by nausea and vomiting, out of 360 pregnant women, 2% of them experience morning sickness and about 80% experience nausea and vomiting throughout the day. This condition usually persists and reaches its peak at 9 weeks of gestation. Physiological elevations may cause gastric dysrhythmias and nausea, it is unclear whether this occurs under normal physiological conditions. The precise temporal relationship between vasopressin, gastric dysrhythmias and nausea should be studied to give us insight into the pathogenesis of acute and chronic nausea syndromes. In addition to vasopressin, corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) has been established as a gut-brain mediator in foregut function and can stimulate inhibitory motor nerves in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, causing delayed gastric emptying and nausea. Nausea and vomiting that is excessive and occurs throughout the day to the point of interfering with daily work and causing dehydration is known as hyperemesis gravidarum.